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Wednesday, 6 March 2013

snake bite treatment

Note: This information is just to help you understand snakebite emergencies

Monday, 25 February 2013

ECG

The ECG video presentation is designed to help you understand how ECG works. For presentation slide show contact the webmaster to provide download link for ECG rhytham strips.


Medical Tourism

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Sunday, 24 February 2013

Human Anatomy - Medical Presentation



For slide presentations on various medical education topics please mail me so that I can help you to make your projects and assignment.

Monday, 18 February 2013

Examination questions for Medical Professionals



ANATOMY
Question 1 : The fundus of gall-bladder is in the angle between lateral border of right recius abdominis and which costal cartilage?
Stem 1 : 6th True False
Stem 2 : 7th True False
Stem 3 : 8th True False
Stem 4 : 9th True False
Stem 5 : True False


MEDICINE
Question 1 : A 68-year-old-man with atrial fibrillation (AF) is admitted electively for DC cardioversion, to be performed as a day-case procedure. However, the procedure is postponed to a later date. Which one of the following reasons could be responsible for the delay?
He had discontinued digoxin for the last 2 days
He was taking amiodarone
His INR 3 weeks ago was 1.6
His serum potassium level was 4.2 mEq/l
He had an episode of angina 2 days ago

NURSING
Question 1 : ____________ is a nursing theory based on the General Systems framework.
Fay Abdellah- Topology of 21 Nursing Problems
Virginia Henderson -The Nature of Nursing
Hildegard Peplau -Interpersonal Relations Model
Imogene King's Theory of Nursing

SURGERY
Question 1 : A 28-year-old man presents with a 2.5-cm mass in the anterior triangle of the left neck. The mass moves with swallowing and has slowly enlarged over the past 1–2 years. The patient’s past medical history is notable for high-dose irradiation to the chest and abdomen for Hodgkin’s lymphoma 8 years prior to presentation. Thyroid scan shows a â€Å“cold” lesion. Fine-needle aspiration cytology is â€Å“suspicious.” Core-needle biopsy shows features suggestive of a follicular neoplasm. True statements regarding this patient’s condition include
Thyroid nodules in men are rarely malignant
Prior radiation to the chest, if anything, would diminish the risk of subsequent thyroid cancer
In the setting of abnormal cytology, an initial course of TSH suppression by thyroid hormone is recommended
In the setting of a possible follicular neoplasm, radioactive iodine (131I) ablation is recommended
Total thyroidectomy is an acceptable treatment for this patient

PATHOLOGY
Question 1 : A 35-year-old male presents with a 0.3-cm flat light brown lesion on his left forearm. The lesion is excised, and microscopy reveals nests of round nevus cells within the lower epidermis at the dermal-epidermal junction. There is no â€Å“fusion” present of adjacent nests of nevus cells. Cytologic atypia is not present, nor are nevus cells seen in the superficial or deep dermis. What is the correct diagnosis for this lesion?
Compound nevus
Dysplastic nevus
Halo nevus
Junctional nevus
Spitz nevus


Friday, 8 February 2013

Medical Tourism Cost comparison in India and Abroad

PROCEDURE INDIA USA THAILAND SINGAPORE MALAYSIA SOUTH KOREA MEXICO COSTARICA UAE
Hip Replacement 7,020 57,000 12,700 1,200 7,500 10,600 13,900 11,400 46,000
Knee Replacement 9,200 53,000 11,500 9,600 12,000 11,800 14,900 10,700 40,200
Face Lift 4,800 16,000 5,000 7,500 6,400 6,600 11,300 4,900 n/a
Lap. Gastric Bypass 9,300 52,000 13,000 16,500 12,700 9,300 11,000 n/a n/a
Heart Bypass 7,000 133,000 22,000 16,300 12,000 31,700 27,000 24,100 40,900
Heart valve replacement with bypass 9,500 140,000 25,000 22,000 13,400 42,000 30,000 30,000 50,600

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Sunday, 13 January 2013

List of All Medical Colleges and Universities in the USA

Albany Medical College
Office of Admissions, Mail Code 3
47 New Scotland Avenue
Albany, NY 12208
(518) 262-5521
Private

Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Office of Admissions
Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus
1300 Morris Park Avenue
Bronx, NY 10461
(718) 430-2106
Private


Baylor College of Medicine
Office of Admissions
One Baylor Plaza
Houston, TX 77030 
(713) 798-4842
Private

Brown University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions and Financial Aid
97 Waterman St., Box G-A212
Providence, RI 02912-9706
(401) 863-2149
Private

Boston University
School of Medicine
Admissions Office
Building L, Room 124
715 Albany Street
Boston, MA 02118
(617) 638-4630
Private


Case Western Reserve University
School of Medicine
Associate Dean for Admissions and Student Affairs
10900 Euclid Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44106-4920
(216) 368-3450
Private

Columbia University
College of Physicians and Surgeons
Admissions Office, Room 1-416
630 West 168th Street
New York, NY 10032
(212) 305-3595
Private

Cornell University Medical College
Office of Admissions
445 East 69th Street
New York, NY 10021
(212) 746-1067
Private

Creighton University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
2500 California Plaza
Omaha, NE 68178
(402) 280-2798
Private


Dartmouth Medical School
Admissions
7020 Remsen, Room 306
Hanover, NH 03755-3833
(603) 650-1505
Private

Drew/UCLA Joint Medical Program
Drew University of Medicine and Science
1621 East 120th Street
Los Angeles, CA 90059
(213) 563-4952
Public

Duke University
School of Medicine
Committee on Admissions
P.O. Box 3710
Durham, NC 27710
(919) 684-2985
Private


East Carolina University
Brody School of Medicine
Assistant Dean, Office of Admissions
Greenville, NC 27858-4354
(252) 816-2202
Public

East Tennessee State University
James H. Quillen College of Medicine
Assistant Dean for Admissions and Records
P.O. Box 70580
Johnson City, TN 37614-0580
(423) 439-6221
Public

Eastern Virginia Medical School
Office of Admissions
721 Fairfax Avenue
Norfolk, VA 23507-2000
(757) 446-5812
Private

Emory University
School of Medicine
Woodruff Health Sciences Center
Administration Building, Admissions, Room 303
Atlanta, GA 30322-4510
(404) 727-5660
Private


Finch University of Health Sciences/Chicago Medical School
Office of Admissions
3333 Green Bay Road
North Chicago, IL 60064 
(847) 578-3206
Private

Florida State University
Program in Medical Sciences
Tallahassee, FL 32306-4051
(850) 644-1855
Public


George Washington University
School of Medicine and Health Sciences
Office of Admissions
2300 Eye Street, NW, Room 615
Washington, DC 20037
(202) 994-3506
Private

Georgetown University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
3900 Reservoir Road, NW
Washington, DC 20007
(202) 687-1154
Private


Harvard Medical School
Office of Admissions
25 Shattuck Street
Boston, MA 02115-6092
(617) 432-1550
Private

Howard University
College of Medicine
Admissions Office
520 W Street, NW
Washington, DC 20059
(202) 806-6270
Private


Indiana University
School of Medicine
Medical School Admissions Office
Fesler Hall 213
1120 South Drive
Indianapolis, IN 46202-5113
(317) 274-3772
Public


Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University
Associate Dean for Admissions
1025 Walnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19107
(215) 955-6983
Private

Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine
Committee on Admission
720 Rutland Avenue
Baltimore, MD 21205-2196
(410) 955-3182
Private



Loma Linda University
School of Medicine
Associate Dean for Admissions
Loma Linda, CA 92350
(909) 824-4467
Private

Loyola University of Chicago
Stritch School of Medicine
Office of Admissions, Room 1752
2160 South First Avenue
Maywood, IL 60153
(708) 216-3229
Private

LSU-New Orleans
School of Medicine
Admissions Office
1901 Perdido Street, Box P3-4
New Orleans, LA 70112-1393
(504) 568-6262
Public

LSU-Shreveport
School of Medicine
Office of Student Admissions
P.O. Box 33932
Shreveport, LA 71130-3932
(318) 675-5190
Public


Marshall University
School of Medicine
Admissions Office
1600 Medical Ctr Dr, Ste 3400
Huntington, WV 25701
(304) 691-1738
Public

Mayo Medical School
Admissions Committee
200 First Street, SW
Rochester, MN 55905
(507) 284-3671
Private

MCP Hahnemann University School of Medicine
Admissions Office
2900 Queen Lane Avenue
Philadelphia, PA 19129
(215) 991-8202
Private

Medical College of Georgia
School of Medicine
Associate Dean for Admissions
Augusta, GA 30912-4760
(706) 721-3186
Public

Medical College of Ohio
Admissions Office
3045 Arlington Ave
Toledo, OH 43614
(419) 383-4229
Public

Medical College of Wisconsin
Office of Admissions
8701 Watertown Plank Road
Milwaukee, WI 53226
(414) 456-8246
Private

Meharry Medical College
School of Medicine
Director, Admissions and Records
1005 D. B. Todd Boulevard
Nashville, TN 37208
(615) 327-6223
Private

Mercer University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions and Student Affairs
Macon, GA 31207
(912) 752-2542
Private

Michigan Medical School
Admissions Office
M4130 Medical Sciences I Building
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0611
(734) 764-6317
Public

Michigan State University
College of Human Medicine
Office of Admissions
A-239 Life Sciences
East Lansing, MI 48824-1317
(517) 353-9620
Public

Morehouse School of Medicine
Admissions and Student Affairs
720 Westview Drive, SW
Atlanta, GA 30310-1495
(404) 752-1650
Private

Mount Sinai School of Medicine
Director of Admissions
Annenberg Bldg., Room 5-04
One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1002
New York, NY 10029-6574
(212) 241-6696
Private


New York Medical College
Office of Admissions
Room 127, Sunshine Cottage
Valhalla, NY 10595
(914) 594-450
Private

New York University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
P.O. Box 1924
New York, NY 10016
(212) 263-5290
Private

Northeastern Ohio Universities
College of Medicine
Office of Admissions and Educational Research
P.O. Box 95
Rootstown, OH 44272-0095
(330) 325-6270
Public

Northwestern University
Medical School
Associate Dean for Admissions
303 East Chicago Avenue
Chicago, IL 60611
(312) 503-8206
Private


Ohio State University
The Ohio State University College of Medicine & Public Health
Admissions Committee
270-A Meiling Hall
370 West Ninth Avenue
Columbus, OH 43210-1238
E-mail: admiss-med@osu.edu
(614) 292-7137
Public

Oregon Health Sciences University
School of Medicine
Office of Education & Student Affairs, L102
3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road
Portland, OR 97201
(503) 494-2998
Public


Pennsylvania State University
College of Medicine
Office of Student Affairs
P.O. Box 850
Hershey, PA 17033
(717) 531-8755
Private

Ponce School of Medicine
Admissions Office
P.O. Box 7004
Ponce, PR 00732
(787) 840-2511
Private

Puerto Rico School of Medicine
School of Medicine
Central Admissions Office
Medical Sciences Campus
P.O. Box 365067
San Juan, PR 00936-5067
(787) 758-2525 ext 5213
Public


Rochester
School of Medicine and Dentistry
Director of Admissions
Medical Center Box 601
Rochester, NY 14642
E-mail: mdadmish@urmc.rochester.edu
(716) 275-4539
Private

Rush Medical College
Office of Admissions
524 Academic Facility
600 South Paulina Street
Chicago, IL 60612
(312) 942-6913
Private


Southern Illinois University
School of Medicine
Office of Student and Alumni Affairs
P.O. Box 19624
Springfield, IL 62794-9624
(217) 524-6013
Public

St. Louis University
School of Medicine
Admissions Committee
1402 South Grand Blvd.
St. Louis, MO 63104
E-mail:mcpeters@slu.edu
(314) 577-8205
Private

Stanford University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
851 Welch Road, Room 154
Palo Alto, CA 94304-1677
(650) 723-6861
Private

SUNY - Brooklyn
College of Medicine
Director of Admissions
450 Clarkson Avenue, Box 60M
Brooklyn, NY 11203
(718) 270-2446
Public

SUNY - Buffalo
School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Office of Medical Admissions
45 Biomedical Education Building
Buffalo, NY 14214-3013
(716) 829-3466
Public

SUNY - Stony Brook
School of Medicine
Health Sciences Center
Committee on Admissions
Level 4, Room 147
Stony Brook, NY 11794-8434
(516) 444-2113
Public

SUNY - Syracuse
College of Medicine
Admissions Committee
155 Elizabeth Blackwell Street
Syracuse, NY 13210
(315) 464-4570
Public


Temple University
School of Medicine
Admissions Office
3400 N. Broad Street
Philadelphia, PA 19140
(215) 707-3656
Private

Texas A & M University System Health Science Center
College of Medicine
159 Joe Reynolds Medical Bldg.
College Station, TX 77843-1114
(409) 845-7743
Public

Texas Tech University
School of Medicine
Health Sciences Center
Office of Admissions
3601 4th Street
Lubbock, TX 79430
(806) 743-2297
Public

The University of Oklahoma College of Medicine
P.O. Box 26901
Oklahoma City, OK 73190 
(405) 271-2331
Public

Tufts University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
136 Harrison Avenue
Boston, MA 02111
(617) 636-6571
Private

Tulane University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
1430 Tulane Ave, SL67
New Orleans, LA 70112-2699
(504) 588-5187
Private


University of Alabama
School of Medicine
Office of Medical Student Services/Admissions
VH100
Birmingham, AL 35294-0019
(205) 934-2330
Public

University of Arizona
College of Medicine
Admissions Office, Room 2209, P. O. Box 245075
Tucson, AZ 85724-5075
(520) 626-6214
Public

University of Arkansas
College of Medicine
Office of Student Admissions, Slot 551
4301 West Markham Street
Little Rock, AR 72205-7199
(501) 686-5354
Public

University of California - Davis
School of Medicine
Admissions Office
Davis, CA 95616
(530) 752-2717
Public

University of California - Irvine
College of Medicine
P. O. Box 4089
Medical Education Building
Irvine, CA 92717
(800) 824-5388
Public

University of California - Los Angeles
School of Medicine
Office of Student Affairs
Division of Admissions
Center for Health Sciences
Los Angeles, CA 90095-1720
(310) 825-6081
Public

University of California - San Diego
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions, 0621
Medical Teaching Facility
9500 Gilman Drive
La Jolla, CA 92093-0621
(619) 534-3880
Public

University of California - San Francisco
School of Medicine
Admissions, C - 200, Box 0408
San Francisco, CA 94143
(415) 476-4044
Public

Universidad Central Del Caribe
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
Ramon Ruiz Arnau University Hospital
Call Box 60-327
Bayamon, PR 00960-6032
(787) 740-1611 ext 210
Private

University of Chicago
Pritzker School of Medicine
Office of the Dean of Students
924 East 57th Street, BLSC 104
Chicago, IL 60637
E-mail: no address
(773) 702-1937
Private

University of Cincinnati
College of Medicine
Office of Student Affairs/Admissions
P.O. Box 670552
Cincinnati, OH 45267-0552
(513) 558-7314
Public

University of Colorado
School of Medicine
Medical School Admissions
4200 East 9th Avenue, C-297
Denver, CO 80262
(303) 315-7361
Public

University of Connecticut
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions and Student Affairs
263 Farmington Avenue, Rm. AG-062
Farmington, CT 06030-1905
(203) 679-2152
Public

University of Florida
College of Medicine
Chair, Medical Selection Committee
UF Sciences Center, Box 100216
Gainesville, FL 32610
(352) 392-4569
Public

University of Hawaii
John A. Burns School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
1960 East - West Road
Honolulu, HI 96822
(808) 956-8300
Public

University of Illinois
College of Medicine
Office of Medical College Admissions
Room 165 CME M/C 783
808 South Wood Street
Chicago, IL 60612-7302
(312) 996-5635
Public

University of Iowa
College of Medicine
Director of Admissions
100 Medicine Administration Building
Iowa City, IA 52242-1101
E-mail: medical-admissions@uiowa.edu
(319) 335-8052
Public

University of Kansas
School of Medicine
Assistant Dean for Admissions
3901 Rainbow Blvd.
Kansas City, KS 66160-7301
(913) 588-5245
Public

University of Kansas City
School of Medicine
Council on Selection
2411 Holmes
Kansas City, MO 64108
(816) 235-1870
Public

University of Kentucky
College of Medicine
Admissions, Room MN-102, Office of Education
Chandler Medical Center
800 Rose Street
Lexington, KY 40536-0298
(606) 323-6161
Public

University of Louisville
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
Abell Administration Center
323 East Chestnut
Louisville, KY 40202-3866
(502) 852-5193
Public

University of Maryland
School of Medicine
Commitee on Admissions, Room 1-005
655 West Baltimore Street
Baltimore, MD 21201
(410) 706-7478
Public

University of Massachusetts Medical School
Associate Dean for Admissions
55 Lake Avenue, North
Worcester, MA 01655
(508) 856-2323
Public

University of Missouri - Columbia
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
MA202 Medical Sciences Bldg.
One Hospital Drive
Columbia, MO 65212
(573) 882-2923
Public

UMDNJ - New Jersey Medical School
Director of Admissions
185 South Orange Avenue
Newark, NJ 07103
(973) 972-4631
Public

UMDNJ - R. W. Johnson Medical School
Office of Admissions
675 Hoes Lane
Piscataway, NJ 08854-5635
(732) 235-4576
Public

University of Miami
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
P.O. Box 016159
Miami, FL 33101
(305) 547-6791
Private

University of Minnesota
Medical School
Office of Admissions
Box 293
420 Delaware Street, SE
Minneapolis, MN 55455-0310
(612) 624-1122
Public

University of Minnesota - Duluth
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions, Room 180
10 University Drive
Duluth, MN 55812 
(218) 726-8511
Public

University of Mississippi
School of Medicine
Chair, Admissions Commitee
2500 North State Street
Jackson, MS 39216-4505
(601) 984-5010
Public

University of Nebraska
College of Medicine
Office of Academic & Student Affairs
986585 Nebraska Medical Center
Omaha, NE 68198-6585
(402) 559-2259 / Fax (402) 559-4148
Public

University of Nevada
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions and Student Affairs, Mail Stop 357
Reno, NV 89557
E-mail: asa@unv.edu
(702) 784-6063
Public

University of New Mexico
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions and Student Affairs
Basic Medical Sciences Building
Room 107
Albuquerque, NM 87131-5166
(505) 272-4766
Public

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
School of Medicine
Admissions Office
CB# 7000 MacNider Hall
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7000
(919) 962-8331
Public

University of North Dakota
School of Medicine
Secretary, Committee on Admissions
501 North Columbia Road, Box 9037
Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037
(701) 777-4221
Public

University of Pennsylvania
School of Medicine
Director of Admissions and Financial Aid
Edward J. Stemmler Hall, Suite 100
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6056
(215) 898-8001
Private

University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
518 Scaife Hall
Pittsburgh, PA 15261
(412) 648-9891
Private

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine
Admissions Office, Room A-1041
4301 Jones Bridge Road
Bethesda, MD 20814-4799
(800) 772-1743

University of South Alabama
College of Medicine
Office of Admissions, 2015 MSB
Mobile, AL 36688-0002
(334) 460-7176
Public

University of Southern California
Keck School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
1975 Zonal Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90033
(213) 342-2552
Private

University of South Carolina
College of Medicine
Office of Enrollment Services
171 Ashley Avenue
Charleston, SC 29425
(803) 792-3283
Public

University of South Carolina
School of Medicine
Associate Dean for Medical Ed & Academic Affairs
Columbia, SC 29208
(803) 733-3325
Public

University of South Dakota
School of Medicine
Medical School Admissions
414 East Clark St.
Vermillion, SD 57105
(605) 677-5233
Public

University of South Florida
College of Medicine
Office of Admissions, Box 3
12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd.
Tampa, FL 33612-4799
(813) 974-2229
Public

University of Tennessee, Memphis
College of Medicine
790 Madison Avenue
Memphis, TN 38163-2166
(901) 448-5559
Public

University of Texas, Galveston
Medical Branch at Galveston
Office of Admissions
G.210, Ashbel Smith Bldg.
Galveston, TX 77555-1317
(409) 772-3517
Public

University of Texas, Houston
Medical School at Houston
Office of Admissions, Room G-024
P.O. Box 20708
Houston, TX 77225
(713) 500-5116
Public

University of Texas, San Antonio
Medical School at San Antonio
Medical School Admissions/Registrar's Office
Health Science Center
7703 Floyd Curl Drive
San Antonio, TX 78284-7701
(210) 567-2665
Public

University of Texas, Southwestern
Southwestern Medical School@Dallas
Director of Admissions
5323 Harry Hines Blvd.
Dallas, TX 75235-9096
(214) 648-5617
Public

University of Utah
School of Medicine
Associate Dean, Admissions
50 North Medical Drive, Room 1C041
Salt Lake City, UT 84132
(801) 581-7498
Public

University of Vermont
College of Medicine
Admissions Office
C-225 Given Bldg.
Burlington, VT 05405
(802) 656-2154
Public

University of Virginia
School of Medicine
Medical School Admissions Office
Box 235
Charlottesville, VA 22908
(804) 924-5571
Public

University of Washington
School of Medicine
Admissions Office
Health Sciences Center A-300, Box 356340
Seattle, WA 98195
E-mail: patf@u.washington.edu
(206) 543-7212
Public

University of Wisconsin Medical School
Admissions Committee
Medical Sciences Center, Room 1140
1300 University Avenue
Madison, WI 53706
E-mail: Janice.Waisman@mail.admin.wisc.edu
(608) 263-4925
Public


Vanderbilt
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
209 Light Hall
Nashville, TN 37232-0685
E-mail: medsch.admis@mcmail.vanderbilt.edu
(615) 322-2145
Private

VCU/MCV
School of Medicine
Medical School Admissions
P.O. Box 980565
Richmond, VA 23298-0565
(804) 828-9629
Public

Wake Forest University School of Medicine
Office of Medical School Admissions
Medical Center Blvd.
Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1090
(336) 716-4264
Private

Washington University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
660 South Euclid Avenue, #8107
St. Louis, MO 63110
(314) 362-6857
Private

Wayne State University
School of Medicine
Assistant Dean for Admissions
540 East Canfield
Detroit, MI 48201
(313) 577-1466
Public

West Virginia University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions and Records
Health Sciences Center
P.O. Box 9815
Morgantown, WV 26506
(304) 293-3521
Public

Wright State University
School of Medicine
Office of Student Affairs/Admissions
P.O. Box 1751
Dayton, OH 45401
(937) 775-2934
Public



Yale University
School of Medicine
Office of Admissions
367 Cedar Street
New Haven, CT 06510
(860) 785-2696
Private

Tuesday, 25 December 2012

What Happens During Angioplasty?

What Happens During Angioplasty?

 First, a cardiac catheterization is performed as part of angioplasty. You will receive medication for relaxation, and then the doctor will numb the site where the catheter will be inserted with local anesthesia. Next, a sheath (a thin plastic tube) is inserted into an artery -- usually in your groin, but sometimes in the arm. A long, narrow, hollow tube, called a catheter, is passed through the sheath and guided up the blood vessel to the arteries surrounding the heart. A small amount of contrast material is injected through the catheter and is photographed with an X-ray as it moves through the heart's chambers, valves, and major vessels. From the digital pictures of the contrast material, the doctors can tell whether the coronary arteries are narrowed and whether the heart valves are working correctly. If the decision is made to perform angioplasty, the doctor will move the catheter into the artery with the blockage. He or she will then perform one of the interventional procedures described below. The procedure usually lasts about 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 hours, but the preparation and recovery time add several hours. You may stay in the hospital overnight to be observed by the medical staff. What Types of Interventional Procedures Are Used in Angioplasty? There are several types of interventional procedures which your doctor may use when performing angioplasty. They include:

 * Balloon angioplasty. During this procedure, a specially designed catheter with a small balloon tip is guided to the point of narrowing in the artery. Once in place, the balloon is inflated to compress the fatty matter into the artery wall and stretch the artery open to increase blood flow to the heart. * Stent. A stent is a small metal mesh tube that acts as a scaffold to provide support inside your coronary artery. A balloon catheter, placed over a guide wire, is used to insert the stent into the narrowed coronary artery. Once in place, the balloon tip is inflated and the stent expands to the size of the artery and holds it open. The balloon is then deflated and removed while the stent stays in place permanently. Over a several-week period, your artery heals around the stent. Stents are commonly placed during interventional procedures such as angioplasty to help keep the coronary artery open. Some stents contain medicine and are designed to reduce the risk of reblockage (restenosis). The doctor will determine if this type of stent is appropriate for your type of blockage.

 * Rotoblation. A special catheter, with an acorn-shaped, diamond-coated tip, is guided to the point of narrowing in your coronary artery. The tip spins around at a high speed and grinds away the plaque on your artery walls. The microscopic particles are washed safely away in your blood stream and filtered out by your liver and spleen. This process is repeated as needed to allow for better blood flow. This procedure is rarely used today because balloon angioplasty and stenting have much better results and are technically easier for the cardiologist to perform.

 * Atherectomy. The catheter used in this procedure has a hollow cylinder on the tip with an open window on one side and a balloon on the other. When the catheter is inserted into the narrowed artery, the balloon is inflated, pushing the window against the fatty matter. A blade (cutter) within the cylinder rotates and shaves off any fat that protruded into the window. The shavings are caught in a chamber within the catheter and removed. This process is repeated as needed to allow for better blood flow. Like rotoblation, this procedure is rarely used today.

 * Cutting Balloon. The cutting balloon catheter has a special balloon tip with small blades. When the balloon is inflated, the blades are activated. The small blades score the plaque, then the balloon compresses the fatty matter into the artery wall.